# Energy Trade Routes — Global Oil, Gas and Coal Trade Flows

**URL:** https://thecodex.expert/energy/trade/
**Session:** 23 | **Date:** 2026-05-04

## Summary

Global energy trade flows GPS-documented. Oil trade (~55 M bbl/day): Middle East → Asia via Hormuz (26.56N 56.25E) → Malacca (1.25N 103.82E) — ~20M bbl/day; Russia Primorsk (60.37N 28.75E) → India/China/Turkey (~3.5M bbl/day post-2022 rerouted); West Africa Bonny (4.29N 7.14E) → Europe/Asia; Americas LOOP (28.87N 90.02W) → global. LNG trade (~400 MT/yr): Ras Laffan Qatar (25.91N 51.56E) → Asia+Europe; Sabine Pass USA (29.73N 93.87W) → Europe (56 MT/yr post-2022); Gorgon Australia → Japan/Korea. Coal trade (~1.3 GT/yr): Newcastle Australia (32.93S 151.77E) → Asia; Richards Bay South Africa (28.80S 32.09E) → Europe/India; Kalimantan Indonesia → India/China. India benefited from Russian crude discounts ($25-35/bbl below Brent 2022-23, ~40 MT/yr, ~17% of imports). Nord Stream destroyed 2022. Houthi attacks rerouted Red Sea traffic via Cape of Good Hope 2023-24. Sources: IEA Oil Market Report 2024, BP Statistical Review 2024, Kpler.