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Śānti Pāṭha · Upaniṣadic Peace Invocation
ॐ सह नाववतु। सह नौ भुनक्तु। सह वीर्यं करवावहै। तेजस्विनावधीतमस्तु मा विद्विषावहै॥ ॐ शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिः॥
oṃ saha nāv-avatu, saha nau bhunaktu, saha vīryaṃ karavāvahai, tejasvi nāv adhītam astu mā vidviṣāvahai, oṃ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥ
Source: Taittirīya Upaniṣad (and 3 others)
Used for: Teacher–student study
Also opens: Kaṭha, Māṇḍūkya, Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣads
Canonical Definition
Oṃ Saha Nāvavatu is a śānti pāṭha (peace invocation) recited at the beginning and end of studying certain Upaniṣads, asking that teacher and student together be protected, nourished, and granted the strength and clarity to study successfully without discord between them. It is the invocation attached to the Taittirīya Upaniṣad, and is also used to open the Kaṭha, Māṇḍūkya, and Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣads — each of which otherwise has its own distinct textual content.
Etymology: saha — "together." nau — "of us two" (dual pronoun — teacher and student). The invocation's use of the dual number throughout is its most distinctive grammatical feature, marking it explicitly as a two-person, teacher-student prayer.

What the invocation asks for

How to read this Notice throughout that every verb and pronoun is in the dual number ("of us two," "may we two") — this is not a general blessing for a group but specifically a prayer for the two-person relationship of teacher (guru) and student (śiṣya) engaged in study together.

In plain translation: "May [Brahman] protect us both together; may he nourish us both together; may we work together with great energy; may our study together be brilliant/effective; may we not hate each other. Oṃ, peace, peace, peace." The threefold repetition of śāntiḥ at the close is a standard convention across nearly all śānti pāṭhas, traditionally understood as addressing three potential sources of disturbance: within oneself (ādhyātmika), from other beings (ādhibhautika), and from cosmic/divine forces (ādhidaivika).

How it is used

This invocation is recited before beginning study of the Taittirīya Upaniṣad (and the three others it is shared with), and again upon concluding study, framing the entire study session within a request for successful, harmonious learning.

Word-by-word grammar

How to read this table The dual number (marking exactly two participants — teacher and student) appears on almost every word here. This is grammatically distinct from the singular and plural forms used throughout most of the rest of this Vedic and Upaniṣadic corpus, and is the single most important grammatical feature to notice in this invocation.
सहsahaindeclinable"Together" — repeated three times across the verse.
नौnaudual pronoun (accusative/genitive)"Us two" / "of us two" — teacher and student.
अवतुavatuverb, 3rd sg. imperative"May [it/he] protect."
भुनक्तुbhunaktuverb, 3rd sg. imperative"May [it/he] nourish."
वीर्यं करवावहैvīryaṃ karavāvahaiverb, 1st dual imperative"May we two act/work with strength."
तेजस्विtejasviadjective"Brilliant, energetic, effective" — qualifying the study.
अधीतम्adhītampast participle, nominative"That which has been studied" — the subject of astu.
मा विद्विषावहैmā vidviṣāvahainegative + verb, 1st dual"May we two not hate/quarrel with each other."
शान्तिः शान्तिः शान्तिःśāntiḥ śāntiḥ śāntiḥnominative, repeated 3x"Peace, peace, peace" — the standard closing of śānti pāṭhas.

Shared across four Upaniṣads

This invocation belongs textually to the Taittirīya Upaniṣad, and is also used, without alteration, to open the Kaṭha, Māṇḍūkya, and Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣads — a practical arrangement reflecting these texts' shared use within particular schools of Vedic recitation rather than any claim that the four Upaniṣads share authorship or date.

Textual note Different Upaniṣads use different śānti pāṭhas — the Īśāvāsya and Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣads use "Oṃ Pūrṇamadaḥ Pūrṇamidam" instead, and the Chāndogya Upaniṣad uses yet another. Do not assume this invocation opens every Upaniṣad; it belongs to a specific subset.

The teacher-student relationship as content

Beyond its function as a ritual framing device, the invocation is notable for embedding a substantive ideal directly into its grammar: successful learning is here explicitly modeled as a shared, non-adversarial undertaking between teacher and student, protected and nourished together rather than pursued individually or competitively. Some commentators read this as reflecting the Upaniṣadic tradition's broader emphasis on the guru-śiṣya relationship as itself central to how knowledge (vidyā) is transmitted.

How to read this Notice that "may we not hate each other" is a strikingly direct, practical request rather than an abstract philosophical statement — worth reading as evidence for how seriously the tradition took the practical, relational conditions for successful transmission of difficult philosophical material.
Related on this codex
Upaniṣads → Guru → Brahmavidyā →

Sources used on this page

  1. Tier 1 — Primary text: Taittirīya Upaniṣad, Śānti Pāṭha · trans. Patrick Olivelle, The Early Upaniṣads (Oxford University Press, 1998)
  2. Tier 2 — Academic: Patrick Olivelle, Upaniṣads, Oxford World's Classics (Oxford University Press, 1996)
Last verified: July 2026 · Full bibliography →